a:8:{s:5:"child";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"rss";a:1:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:3:"


";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:7:"version";s:3:"2.0";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:7:"channel";a:1:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:40:"
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
		
		
		
		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:4:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:17:"Blog – Hackaday";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:20:"https://hackaday.com";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:21:"Fresh hacks every day";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:13:"lastBuildDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 06:15:42 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"language";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:5:"en-US";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:9:"generator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://wordpress.org/?v=6.7.1";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"item";a:7:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:89:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:54:"Creating Temporal Light Reflections With Metamaterials";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:87:"https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/creating-temporal-light-reflections-with-metamaterials/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:95:"https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/creating-temporal-light-reflections-with-metamaterials/#respond";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 12:00:38 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:4:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7:"Science";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:13:"metamaterials";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"reflection";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:11:"reflections";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=650058";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2287:"<div><img width="800" height="432" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg 997w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?resize=250,135 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?resize=400,216 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?resize=800,432 800w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751804" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/creating-temporal-light-reflections-with-metamaterials/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg" data-orig-size="997,539" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?w=800" /></div>Owing to the wave nature of light there are many ways that such different waves can interact with each other, but also with materials. Everyone knows about reflecting light with <a href="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/creating-temporal-light-reflections-with-metamaterials/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Maya Posch";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:4298:"<div><img width="800" height="432" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg 997w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?resize=250,135 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?resize=400,216 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?resize=800,432 800w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751804" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/creating-temporal-light-reflections-with-metamaterials/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg" data-orig-size="997,539" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg?w=800" /></div><p>Owing to the wave nature of light there are many ways that such different waves can interact with each other, but also with materials. Everyone knows about reflecting light with a mirror, which is a property of materials like metals, but specific structures can cause the light to behave in a way that creates rather amazing results.</p>
<p>Examples of this are cases of iridescence in nature (like butterfly wings) and eye color, where the perceived colors are the result of environmental light interacting with these structures rather than pigmentation or dyes. An even more interesting interaction has now been demonstrated by reflecting multiple microwave radiation beams off each other, <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/light-can-travel-backward-in-time-sort-of/" target="_blank">creating a time reflection</a>.</p>
<p>The <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-023-02165-6" target="_blank">study by [Emanuele Galiffi] et al.</a> (<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-023-02165-6.epdf?sharing_token=GdP5tIbKtonNyo1jKIVyoNRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0PEL-0pxojCa5tk2bsdxyi2ZPSqXsk1E8TTkw75PSAWTOvVxMIGvEpzckvAyEkKDaP2LrUMSZAczNcT_o0S4MoXA-wfDDGi6onsZh58W75oqAKJXQmDNYgKM3sbF9EVDQZWF20tBeazGXBuLHo5KcCl2yTq0xpMrWCMsmF1oX2AiIB0UnHA-Dz8MaMuats9xBg%3D&amp;tracking_referrer=www.scientificamerican.com" target="_blank">shared copy</a>) was published in <em>Nature Physics</em>. By creating a metamaterial that allows for temporal coherent wave control (CWC) the electromagnetic radiation was controlled to where it allowed for this kind of unusual interaction. The key here being that there is no major constructive or destructive interaction between the two waves as with spatial CWC, rather the wave reflect off each other, or more specifically the time interface.</p>
<p>Although the popular reporting talks about &#8216;turning back time&#8217; and &#8216;watching the back of your own head in a mirror&#8217;, the impact is far less dramatic: in the article conclusion the researchers mention unveiling new light-matter interactions in the microwave- and other parts of the spectrum, as well as new ways to control and shape light.</p>
<hr />
<p>Top image: Temporal coherent wave control and photonic collisions enabled by time-interfaces. (Credit: Emanuele Galiffi et al., <em>Nature Physics</em>, 2023)</p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:92:"https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/creating-temporal-light-reflections-with-metamaterials/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"0";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"650058";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:103:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:103:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces.jpg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:51:"temporal_coherent_wave_control_with_time_interfaces";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}}}}}i:1;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:105:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		

		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:67:"Turning a Lada Into An EV With 50 Cordless Drills, Because Why Not?";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:98:"https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:107:"https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/#comments";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 09:00:57 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:8:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Tool Hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:20:"Transportation Hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:14:"cordless drill";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3:"diy";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:4;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2:"ev";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:5;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:4:"lada";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:6;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:5:"motor";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:7;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7:"vehicle";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=751835";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2426:"<div><img width="800" height="450" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png 1280w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?resize=250,141 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?resize=400,225 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?resize=800,450 800w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751837" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png" data-orig-size="1280,720" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="50 cordless drills made into an engine for a car 2-4 screenshot" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?w=800" /></div>[Garage 54] is no stranger to vehicle-related projects of the &#8220;because why not?&#8221; variety, and their latest is using 50 cordless drills combined into a monstrous mega-motor to turn a <a href="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:11:"Donald Papp";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7090:"<div><img width="800" height="450" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png 1280w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?resize=250,141 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?resize=400,225 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?resize=800,450 800w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751837" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png" data-orig-size="1280,720" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="50 cordless drills made into an engine for a car 2-4 screenshot" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png?w=800" /></div><p>[Garage 54] is no stranger to vehicle-related projects of the &#8220;because why not?&#8221; variety, and their latest is <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sqRfd2BSJjo" target="_blank">using 50 cordless drills combined into a monstrous mega-motor</a> to turn a gutted (and extended) Lada into an electric vehicle (EV).</p>
<p>Doing this leans on some of [Garage 54]&#8217;s earlier projects, such as replacing the aforementioned Lada&#8217;s engine block with a frame containing sixteen chainsaws. That means they don&#8217;t need to start completely from scratch, and have a frame design that can drop into the vehicle once the &#8220;engine&#8221; is constructed.</p>
<figure id="attachment_751838" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-751838" style="width: 250px" class="wp-caption alignright"><a href="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png" target="_blank"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="751838" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png" data-orig-size="664,664" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="50 cordless drills made into an engine for a car 8-24 screenshot" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?w=625" class="wp-image-751838 size-thumbnail" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?w=250" alt="" width="250" height="250" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png 664w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?resize=250,250 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?resize=400,400 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?resize=625,625 625w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-751838" class="wp-caption-text">Fifty cordless drills won&#8217;t set any efficiency records for EV engines, but it&#8217;s got a certain style.</figcaption></figure>
<p>Here&#8217;s what&#8217;s in the new engine: each of the drills has its chuck replaced with an aluminum pulley, and belts connect each group of drills to an output shaft. Ideally, every drill motor would run at the same time and at exactly the same speed, but one works with what they have. [Garage 54] originally worked to synchronize the drills by interfacing to each drill&#8217;s motor control board, but eventually opted to simply bypass all controls and power each drill&#8217;s motor directly from the batteries. Initial tests are done by touching bare cable ends with a turned-away face and squinted eyes, but we expect &#8220;Just A Big Switch&#8221; to end up in the final assembly.</p>
<p>It looks wild and we can think of more than a few inefficiencies present in a system like this, but the output shaft does turn and torque is being transferred, so the next step is interfacing to the car&#8217;s factory gearbox.</p>
<p>If it powers the car in any meaningful way, that Lada might very well become the world&#8217;s most gloriously hacked-together EV. And hey, if the power output of the EV motor is disappointing, <a href="https://hackaday.com/2015/11/16/ev-motor-not-powerful-enough-make-your-own/">you can just make your own</a>.</p>
<p><span id="more-751835"></span></p>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" title="50 cordless drills made into an engine for a car" width="800" height="450" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/sqRfd2BSJjo?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>[via <a href="https://www.motor1.com/news/745420/ev-engine-50-cordless-drills/" target="_blank">Motor1</a>]</p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:103:"https://hackaday.com/2025/01/01/turning-a-lada-into-an-ev-with-50-cordless-drills-because-why-not/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"3";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"751835";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:115:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:2:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:115:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-2-4-screenshot.png";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:63:"50 cordless drills made into an engine for a car 2-4 screenshot";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:122:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/50-cordless-drills-made-into-an-engine-for-a-car-8-24-screenshot.png?w=250";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:2;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:89:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:42:"Repairing a BPS-305 30V Bench Power Supply";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:75:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/repairing-a-bps-305-30v-bench-power-supply/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:84:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/repairing-a-bps-305-30v-bench-power-supply/#comments";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 06:00:04 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:4:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:12:"Repair Hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:19:"Reverse Engineering";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:18:"bench power supply";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"repair";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=751821";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2218:"<div><img width="774" height="625" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?w=774" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png 1166w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?resize=250,202 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?resize=400,323 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?resize=774,625 774w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px" data-attachment-id="751825" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/repairing-a-bps-305-30v-bench-power-supply/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png" data-orig-size="1166,942" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;https://tahmidmc.blogspot.com/2024/12/insights-from-repairing-30v-5a-power.html&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?w=774" /></div>When [Tahmid Mahbub] recently reached for his &#8216;Lavolta&#8217; BPS-305 bench supply, he was dismayed to find that despite it being a 30V, 5A-rated unit, the supply refused to output more <a href="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/repairing-a-bps-305-30v-bench-power-supply/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Maya Posch";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3429:"<div><img width="774" height="625" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?w=774" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png 1166w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?resize=250,202 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?resize=400,323 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?resize=774,625 774w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px" data-attachment-id="751825" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/repairing-a-bps-305-30v-bench-power-supply/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png" data-orig-size="1166,942" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;https://tahmidmc.blogspot.com/2024/12/insights-from-repairing-30v-5a-power.html&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png?w=774" /></div><p>When [Tahmid Mahbub] recently reached for his &#8216;Lavolta&#8217; BPS-305 bench supply, he was dismayed to find that despite it being a 30V, 5A-rated unit, the supply refused to output more than 15V. To be fair, he wasn&#8217;t sure that he had ever tried to push it beyond 15V in the years that he had owned it, but it had better live up to its specs. Ergo out came the screwdriver to open the power supply to see what had broken, <a href="https://tahmidmc.blogspot.com/2024/12/insights-from-repairing-30v-5a-power.html" target="_blank">and hopefully to fix it</a>.</p>
<p>After some more probing around, he discovered that the unit had many more issues, including a highly unstable output voltage and output current measurement was completely wrong. Fortunately this bench power supply turns out to be very much like any number of similar 30V, 5A units, with repair videos and schematics available.</p>
<p>While [Tahmid] doesn&#8217;t detail his troubleshooting process, he does mention the culprits: two broken potentiometers (VR104 and VR102). VR104 is a 5 kOhm pot in the output voltage feedback circuit and VR102 (500 Ohm) sets the maximum output current. With no 500 Ohm pot at hand, a 5 kOhm one was combined with a 470 Ohm resistor to still allow for trimming. Also adjusted were the voltage and current trimpots for the front display as they were quite a bit off. Following some testing on the reassembled unit, this power supply is now back in service, for the cost of two potentiometers and a bit of time.</p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:80:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/repairing-a-bps-305-30v-bench-power-supply/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"1";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"751821";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:87:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:87:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers.png";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:35:"lavolta_pcb_replaced_potentiometers";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}}}}}i:3;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:83:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:65:"Quantum Mechanics and Negative Time With Photon-Atom Interactions";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:98:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/quantum-mechanics-and-negative-time-with-photon-atom-interactions/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:107:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/quantum-mechanics-and-negative-time-with-photon-atom-interactions/#comments";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 03:00:57 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:2:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7:"Science";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:15:"quantum physics";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=751138";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2638:"<div><img width="800" height="215" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Experimental setup and measured optical depth. (Credit: Josiah Sinclair et al,, PRX Quantum, 2022)" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg 1197w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?resize=250,67 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?resize=400,108 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?resize=800,215 800w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751795" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/quantum-mechanics-and-negative-time-with-photon-atom-interactions/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg" data-orig-size="1197,322" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;https://journals.aps.org/prxquantum/abstract/10.1103/PRXQuantum.3.010314&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Experimental setup and measured optical depth. (Credit: Josiah Sinclair et al,, PRX Quantum, 2022)&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?w=800" /></div>Within our comfortable world of causality we expect that reactions always follow an action and not vice versa. This why the recent chatter in the media about researchers having discovered <a href="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/quantum-mechanics-and-negative-time-with-photon-atom-interactions/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Maya Posch";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:5348:"<div><img width="800" height="215" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Experimental setup and measured optical depth. (Credit: Josiah Sinclair et al,, PRX Quantum, 2022)" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg 1197w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?resize=250,67 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?resize=400,108 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?resize=800,215 800w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751795" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/quantum-mechanics-and-negative-time-with-photon-atom-interactions/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg" data-orig-size="1197,322" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;https://journals.aps.org/prxquantum/abstract/10.1103/PRXQuantum.3.010314&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Experimental setup and measured optical depth. (Credit: Josiah Sinclair et al,, PRX Quantum, 2022)&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg?w=800" /></div><p>Within our comfortable world of causality we expect that reactions always follow an action and not vice versa. This why the <a href="https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-negative-quantum.html" target="_blank">recent chatter in the media</a> about researchers having discovered &#8216;negative time&#8217; with photons being emitted before the sample being hit by source photons created such a stir. Did these researchers truly just crack our fundamental concepts of (quantum) physics wide open? As it turns out, <a href="https://www.iflscience.com/what-is-negative-time-77380" target="_blank">not really</a>.</p>
<p>Much of the confusion stems from the fact that photons aren&#8217;t little marbles that bounce around the place, but are an expression of (electromagnetic) energy. This means that their resulting interaction with matter (i.e. groupings of atoms) is significantly more complicated, often resulting in the photonic energy getting absorbed by an atom, boosting the energy state of its electron(s) before possibly being re-emitted as the excited electrons decay into a lower orbit.</p>
<p>This dwell time before re-emission is what is confusing to many, as in our classical understanding we&#8217;d expect this to be a very deterministic process, while in a quantum world it most decidedly is not.</p>
<p><span id="more-751138"></span></p>
<p>This is highlighted in the <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/evidence-of-negative-time-found-in-quantum-physics-experiment/" target="_blank">Scientific American article</a> on the subject as well, specifically quantum probability. Within this system, it&#8217;s possible that there can be re-emissions before the atomic excitation has fully ceased. It was this <a href="https://journals.aps.org/prxquantum/abstract/10.1103/PRXQuantum.3.010314" target="_blank">original 2022 finding</a> that was <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.03680" target="_blank">recently retested</a>, with the findings confirmed.</p>
<p>As confusing as this all may sound, the authors of the recent paper stress that the core of the issue here is the so-called &#8216;group delay&#8217; of the original pulse as it excites the cloud of rubidium atoms. If one were to think of this pulse as discrete quanta of photon particles, it&#8217;d seem to break causality, but as a wave function within quantum physics this is perfectly acceptable. Observations such as the rubidium atoms becoming excited despite photons passing through the cloud, and emitting a photon before the electrons returned to their ground state do not seem to make sense, but here we also have to consider how and what we are measuring.</p>
<p>The short version is that causality remains unbroken, and the world of quantum physics is intuitive in its own, strange ways. Research like this also gives us a much better fundamental understanding of photonics and related fields, none of which involve time travel.</p>
<p>Experimental setup and measured optical depth. (Credit: Josiah Sinclair et al., PRX Quantum, 2022)</p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:103:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/quantum-mechanics-and-negative-time-with-photon-atom-interactions/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"2";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"751138";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:104:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:104:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment.jpg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:52:"photon_rb_cloud_re-emission_negative_time_experiment";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}}}}}i:4;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:89:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:46:"A Foil Tweeter, Sound From Kitchen Consumables";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:78:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/a-foil-tweeter-sound-from-kitchen-consumables/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:87:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/a-foil-tweeter-sound-from-kitchen-consumables/#comments";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:51 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:4:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:13:"classic hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:11:"loudspeaker";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:14:"ribbon tweeter";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:7:"tweeter";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=751776";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1904:"<div><img width="800" height="450" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg 800w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?resize=250,141 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?resize=400,225 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751793" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/a-foil-tweeter-sound-from-kitchen-consumables/ribbon-tweeter-featured/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg" data-orig-size="800,450" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="ribbon-tweeter-featured" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?w=800" /></div>The world of audio has produced a variety of different loudspeaker designs over the last century, though it&#8217;s fair to say that the trusty moving coil reigns supreme. That hasn&#8217;t <a href="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/a-foil-tweeter-sound-from-kitchen-consumables/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"Jenny List";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3430:"<div><img width="800" height="450" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg 800w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?resize=250,141 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?resize=400,225 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="751793" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/a-foil-tweeter-sound-from-kitchen-consumables/ribbon-tweeter-featured/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg" data-orig-size="800,450" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="ribbon-tweeter-featured" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg?w=800" /></div><p>The world of audio has produced a variety of different loudspeaker designs over the last century, though it&#8217;s fair to say that the trusty moving coil reigns supreme. That hasn&#8217;t stopped plenty of engineers from trying new ways to make sound though, and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oa6pvTUlFYY" target="_blank">[R.U.H] is here with a home-made version of one of them</a>. It&#8217;s a foil tweeter, a design in which a corrugated strip of foil is held in a magnetic field, and vibrates when an audio frequency current is passed through it.</p>
<p>He shows a couple of takes on the design, both with neodymium magnets but with different foils and 3D printed or wooden surrounds. They both make a noise when plugged into an amplifier, and unsurprisingly the thicker foil has less of the high notes.</p>
<p>We can see that in there is the possibility for a high quality tweeter, but we can&#8217;t help having one concern. This device has an extremely low impedance compared to the amplifier, and thus would probably be drawing far too much current. We&#8217;d expect it to be driven through a transformer instead, if he had any care for not killing the amplifier.</p>
<p>Happily there are other uses for a ribbon, <a href="https://hackaday.com/2022/03/30/a-new-wrinkle-on-wooden-ribbon-microphones/">they are far better known as microphones</a>.</p>
<p><span id="more-751776"></span></p>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" title="Foil &amp; Sound: How to Make an Ultra-Thin Unique Tweeter from the Thinnest Foil  Inspiring DIY Project" width="800" height="450" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Oa6pvTUlFYY?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:83:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/a-foil-tweeter-sound-from-kitchen-consumables/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"7";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"751776";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:75:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:1:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:75:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ribbon-tweeter-featured.jpg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:23:"ribbon-tweeter-featured";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}}}}}i:5;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:133:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		

		

		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:36:"Doomscroll Precisely, and Wirelessly";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:68:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:77:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/#comments";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Tue, 31 Dec 2024 21:00:17 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:16:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:16:"3d Printer hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:14:"computer hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:14:"Wireless Hacks";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:20:"3d printed prototype";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:4;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:11:"3d printing";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:5;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"bluetooth";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:6;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3:"cnc";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:7;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"ergonomic";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:8;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:3:"hid";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:9;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:12:"input device";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:10;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:16:"magnetic encoder";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:11;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"nordic";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:12;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:8:"nRF52840";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:13;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"prototype";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:14;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:12:"scroll wheel";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:15;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:5:"USB C";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=751673";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1926:"<div><img width="800" height="450" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="An animated GIF of Engineer Bo&#039;s Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel wirelessly, and effortlessly scrolling down the Hack A Day blog with a single finger" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="751702" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/engrbo-precisionscroll-blog-16-9/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif" data-orig-size="800,450" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Featured-16-9" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;An animated GIF of Engineer Bo&#8217;s Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel wirelessly, and effortlessly scrolling down the Hack A Day blog with a single finger&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif?w=800" /></div>Around here, we love it when someone identifies a need and creates their own solution. In this case, [Engineer Bo] was tired of endless and imprecise scrolling with a mouse <a href="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:13:"Michael Shaub";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:8704:"<div><img width="800" height="450" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="An animated GIF of Engineer Bo&#039;s Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel wirelessly, and effortlessly scrolling down the Hack A Day blog with a single finger" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="751702" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/engrbo-precisionscroll-blog-16-9/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif" data-orig-size="800,450" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Featured-16-9" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;An animated GIF of Engineer Bo&#8217;s Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel wirelessly, and effortlessly scrolling down the Hack A Day blog with a single finger&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif?w=800" /></div><p>Around here, we love it when someone identifies a need and creates their own solution. In this case, [Engineer Bo] was tired of endless and imprecise scrolling with a mouse wheel. No off-the-shelf solutions were found, and other DIY projects either just used hacked mice scroll wheels, customer electronics with low-res hardware encoders, or featured high-res encoders that were down-sampled to low-resolution. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSy9G6bNuKA" target="_blank">A custom build was clearly required</a>.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="751699" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/engrbo-precisionscroll-markerink-releaseagent2/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg" data-orig-size="3840,2160" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;A photo of a 3D printed yellow plastic form with red marker drawn on the top of the support material and used in Engineer Bo&#8217;s Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?w=800" class="alignright wp-image-751699 size-medium" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?w=400" alt="A photo of a 3D printed yellow plastic form with red marker drawn on the top of the support material and used in Engineer Bo's Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel" width="400" height="225" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg 3840w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?resize=250,141 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?resize=800,450 800w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></p>
<p>We loved seeing hacks along the whole process by [Engineer Bo], working with components on hand, pairing sensors to microcontrollers to HID settings, 3D printing forms to test ergonomics, and finishing the prototype device. When 3D printing, [Engineer Bo] <span style="font-weight: 400;">inserted a pause after support material to allow drawing a layer of permanent marker ink that acts as a release agent that can later be cleaned with rubbing alcohol. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We also liked the detail of a single hole inside used to install each of the three screws that secure the knob to the base. While a chisel and UV-curing resin cleaned up some larger issues with the print, more finishing was required. For a project within a project, [Engineer Bo] then threw together a mini lathe with 3D printed and RC parts to make sanding easy.</span></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="751696" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/engrbo-precisionscroll-3dprintedlathe1/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg" data-orig-size="3840,2160" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?w=800" class="wp-image-751696 size-medium alignleft" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?w=400" alt="" width="400" height="225" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg 3840w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?resize=250,141 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?resize=800,450 800w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></p>
<p>Scroll down with your clunky device to see the video that illustrates the precision with a graphic of a 0.09° rotation and is filled with hacky nuggets. See how the electronics were selected and the circuit designed and programmed, the use of PCBWay&#8217;s CNC machining in addition to board assembly services, and how to deal with bearings that spin too freely. <span style="font-weight: 400;">[Engineer Bo] teases that a future version might use a larger bearing for less wobble and an anti-slip coating on the base. Will the board files and 3D models be released, too? Will these be sold as finished products or kits? Will those unused LED drivers be utilized in an upcoming version? We can’t wait to see what’s next for this project.</span></p>
<p><span id="more-751673"></span></p>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" title="Wireless High Resolution Scrolling is Amazing" width="800" height="450" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FSy9G6bNuKA?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>Thanks for the tip [UnderSampled]!</p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:73:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/doomscroll-precisely-and-wirelessly/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"9";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"751673";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:84:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:3:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:84:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Blog-16-9.gif";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:36:"EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-Featured-16-9";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:1;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:104:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-MarkerInk-ReleaseAgent2.jpg?w=400";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:159:"A photo of a 3D printed yellow plastic form with red marker drawn on the top of the support material and used in Engineer Bo's Precision Bluetooth Scroll Wheel";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:96:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/EngrBo-PrecisionScroll-3DprintedLathe1.jpg?w=400";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:6;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:101:"
		
		
					
		
		
		
				
		
		
		
		

					
										
					
					
			
		
		
		
		
		

		

		

		
	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:7:{s:0:"";a:7:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:40:"Sony Vaio Revived: Power, The Second 80%";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:70:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:79:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/#comments";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"pubDate";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:31:"Tue, 31 Dec 2024 18:00:07 +0000";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:8:"category";a:4:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:16:"Hackaday Columns";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:10:"PCB design";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:5:"power";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"sony vaio";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:4:"guid";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:30:"https://hackaday.com/?p=736269";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:11:"isPermaLink";s:5:"false";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:11:"description";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:2010:"<div><img width="800" height="464" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg 3519w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=250,145 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=400,232 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=800,464 800w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=1536,890 1536w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=2048,1187 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="672769" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/04/03/pcb-design-review-tinysparrow-a-module-for-can-hacking-needs/pcbdesign/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg" data-orig-size="3519,2039" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}" data-image-title="PCBdesign" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?w=800" /></div>A bit ago, I&#8217;ve told you about how the Sony Vaio motherboard replacement started, and all the tricks I used to make it succeed on the first try. How do <a href="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/" class="read-more">&#8230;read more</a>";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:32:"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/";a:1:{s:7:"creator";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:13:"Arya Voronova";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:40:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/";a:1:{s:7:"encoded";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:16447:"<div><img width="800" height="464" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?w=800" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" style="margin: 0 auto; margin-bottom: 15px;" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg 3519w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=250,145 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=400,232 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=800,464 800w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=1536,890 1536w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?resize=2048,1187 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-attachment-id="672769" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/04/03/pcb-design-review-tinysparrow-a-module-for-can-hacking-needs/pcbdesign/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg" data-orig-size="3519,2039" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}" data-image-title="PCBdesign" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg?w=800" /></div><p>A bit ago, I&#8217;ve told you about <a href="https://hackaday.com/?p=736268">how the Sony Vaio motherboard replacement started</a>, and all the tricks I used to make it succeed on the first try. How do you plan out the board, what are good things to keep in mind while you&#8217;re sourcing parts, and how do you ensure you finish the design? This time, I want to tell you my insights about what it takes for your new board revision to stay on your desk until completion, whether it&#8217;s helping it not burn up, or making sure the bringup process is doable.</p>
<h2>Uninterrupted, Granular Power</h2>
<p>Power was generally comfortable to design, but I did have to keep some power budgets in mind. A good exercise for safeguarding your regulators is keeping a .txt file where you log consumers and their expected current consumption on each board power rail, making sure all of your power regulators, connectors, and tracks, can handle quite a bit more than that current. Guideline: increase current by 20%-50% when figuring out the specs for switching regulators and inductors, and, multiply by 10-20% when figuring out conversion losses going between downstream and upstream rails.</p>
<p>I did have a blunder in this department &#8211; not accounting for track current early on enough. I laid out the board using 0.5mm wide tracks for power &#8211; it looked spacious enough. Then, I put &#8220;0.5mm&#8221; into a track current calculator and saw a harrowing temperature increase for the currents I was expecting. At that point in routing, it took some time to shift tracks around to accomodate the trace width I actually needed, which is to say, I should&#8217;ve calculated it all way way earlier. Thankfully, things went well in the end.</p>
<p><span id="more-736269"></span></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="736309" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/hadimg_vaio_done2_1/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png" data-orig-size="1136,1113" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="hadimg_vaio_done2_1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?w=400" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?w=638" class="alignleft wp-image-736309 size-medium" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?w=400" alt="" width="400" height="392" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png 1136w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?resize=250,245 250w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?resize=400,392 400w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?resize=638,625 638w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" />Apart from this, the power rails are a crucial aspect for bringup. How are you going to bringup your board? Which power rails need to be powered on so that the board can boot? Which signals do you need for every power rail, and what power rails do those signals depend on? What are the minimum required parts for the board to &#8220;boot&#8221;, and how quickly can you test every part before getting the next revision? My strategy was: I flash the EC with MicroPython, and hack at the code part by part I go. It worked surprisingly well for lowering the debugging entry level, and I will tell more about it later.</p>
<p>A lot of bringup preparations are done during design, though. You have to think about typical usecases, and think how your hardware is going to react to them. What kind of state will the board enter after you insert the battery, or apply power from an external charger? Will you need to find a charger after you swap the battery? Is battery hotswap possible? The best way to understand all of it is to look through fundamental blocks of the circuit, and ask questions about their behaviour.</p>
<p>The questions can be pretty simple. Is the EC always powered no matter the input source? Can you detect when the power sources are too low, or too high? What&#8217;s the default states of the EN pins of every switching regulator, and what are the default state of GPIOs that control your regulator EN pins? Are any of these pins connected to GPIOs that might oscillate during your MCU&#8217;s boot? Is the input DC-DC enabled by default? What about the battery charger?</p>
<p>In the end, I went through all the switching regulator datasheets, taking note of the EN pins. Closer to the end, I&#8217;ve noticed that I&#8217;d need to invert the EN pin of the input DC-DC with help of a FET if I wanted that regulator to be powered on by default &#8211; otherwise, I&#8217;d get a chicken-and-egg problem if I were to try and power the board through its charger with missing or fully discharged battery. The FET barely fit on the board, but I massaged the tracks until it did.</p>
<h2>Double-Sided Assembly</h2>
<p>Here&#8217;s tips for bringup &#8211; you want to make sure you can access your EC at all times. In my case, I decided to mux the EC RP2040&#8217;s USB onto the external port, allowing for a &#8220;debug mode&#8221; with a USB A-A cable &#8211; a cool feature, but I have definitely regretted restricting myself with it. Essentially, I locked myself into USB plug-unplug cycle during the early development, and it was hell to solve problems as a result. My advice is &#8211; plan for an extra USB-C connector or just USB testpoints on your board, so you can have a permanent unshakeable USB/SWD/UART/etc. link during the period while you&#8217;re not quite sure how well your board works. In the end, I had to tombstone the two 0402 D+/D- resistors of the RP2040 EC and pull an external &#8220;debug&#8221; USB-C connector on three magnet wires &#8211; a finicky endeavour, worth avoiding if you can.</p>
<p>Other than that hurdle, the bringup has been seamless, in no small part because I used the MicroPython REPL to probe through the board as I enabled parts of it. The REPL flow let me enable/disable power rails and query GPIOs dynamically during early bringup, mocking up code on the fly and immediately testing it on my hardware, and dynamically debug features like onboard shift registers, or buttons and LEDs on the Vaio&#8217;s case, wrapping them into code and putting them into the main.py file &#8211; the EC firmware grew larger and larger as I experimented. There&#8217;s something special about having a list of power rails at your fingertips, switching them off one by one, quickly tying program states into switches/buttons/LEDs as needed &#8211; it was a joy of a bringup experience.</p>
<p>How do you assemble such a double-sided board &#8211; really, how do you even stencil it? I planned for stenciling it from the very beginning, and, I distributed the components in a way that one side had way less components than the other &#8211; including more intricate components, like multi-pin ICs. One thing that&#8217;s really helped, is using the JLCPCB stencil shipping cardboard to make a jig for the board with cutouts in it, letting me stencil the less-populated side once the more-populated side already had components soldered onto it. In a different life, I used to lasercut frames for this kind of endeavour &#8211; KiCad SVG export should be all you need.</p>
<p>The more-populated side got assembled using one of those tiny $20 hotplate, in the comfort of my home &#8211; I&#8217;d hot air it, but my hot air gun fell and broke. I did have to borrow a hot air gun for assembling the second side, though &#8211; and assemble it very carefully. The main problem was the plastic connector on the less-populated side &#8211; I had to hot air it from the bottom, through the RP2040 EC and its supporting circuitry.</p>
<h2>Learning, Achievements, Expansion</h2>
<p>I&#8217;ve had some fun failure modes happen on this board. One, the failing 5V boost with subpar layout, which I&#8217;ve already described in the <a href="https://hackaday.com/2024/09/19/switching-regulator-mistake-fixing-for-dummies/">switching regulator patch board article</a> a couple months ago. Fun fact &#8211; it&#8217;s also verified a RPi SD card corruption theory of mine, confirming that noise on the input power rail easily propagates into the 3.3V rail powering the SD card, and results in SD card corruption; if you&#8217;re getting SD card corruption issues, make sure to check the DC-DCs involved in your project!</p>
<p>Another one was specifically the output pin of the 3.3V EC regulator not getting soldered properly &#8211; somehow, it had a cold solder joint, and the EC was getting powered with around 1.23V, again, somehow; it might&#8217;ve been due to my incessant multimeter probing, in hindsight. I&#8217;m glad that this was the cold solder joint I had to figure out &#8211; as far as cold solder joints go, this one was seriously easy to debug, since just moving the probe between the 3.3V reg leg and an EC power capacitor was enough to find the spot the voltage drop happened.</p>
<p>Again, any burnt components on such an assembled board get expensive &#8211; not just monetarily, it&#8217;s also that you don&#8217;t want to repeat the assembly effort. So, keep all metal and solder away during bringup, check all the connectors for accidental solder blobs many times over, and be very careful to. Tempted to hotplug internal connectors? Don&#8217;t do it unless you&#8217;ve designed them to hotplug, or if the original manufacturer has &#8211; there&#8217;s always pinout and connector considerations you have to mind. This goes doubly for high-current and high-voltage connectors.</p>

<a href='https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/hadimg_vaio_done2_2/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="235" height="250" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?w=235" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png 1177w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?resize=235,250 235w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?resize=376,400 376w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?resize=587,625 587w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 235px) 100vw, 235px" data-attachment-id="736302" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/hadimg_vaio_done2_2/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png" data-orig-size="1177,1253" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="hadimg_vaio_done2_2" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?w=376" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?w=587" /></a>
<a href='https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/hadimg_vaio_done2_3/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="235" height="250" src="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?w=235" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="" srcset="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png 1177w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?resize=235,250 235w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?resize=376,400 376w, https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?resize=587,625 587w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 235px) 100vw, 235px" data-attachment-id="736303" data-permalink="https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/hadimg_vaio_done2_3/" data-orig-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png" data-orig-size="1177,1253" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="hadimg_vaio_done2_3" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?w=376" data-large-file="https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?w=587" /></a>

<p>Expansion slots are wonderful if you can afford them &#8211; there&#8217;s usually leftover GPIOs and some power rail capacity that you might want to later tap, and in my case, there&#8217;s also heaps of free space inside of the laptop. I managed to fit two FFC sockets on this particular board, which have plenty of high-current power rails and GPIOs &#8211; my plan, personally, is to make a board that takes SATA or NVMe SSDs, and maybe even has expansions like GPS or extra WiFi &#8211; the case internals are spacious enough for all of those.</p>
<p>Looking to put a new powerful motherboard into an old lovely chassis? Chances are, you can certainly do it &#8211; even if it takes time, trial-and-error, and help from some friends or internet strangers. I hope this project walkthrough can help you lots along the way, especially in being comfortable to take the first steps! Got a project stuck on the mental shelf? Get on with it &#8211; you will learn new cool things, and find new tricks to improvise. Me, I&#8217;m getting a friendly device to carry in my pocket, and that alone is a wonderful experience.</p>
";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:36:"http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/";a:1:{s:10:"commentRss";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:75:"https://hackaday.com/2024/12/31/sony-vaio-revived-power-the-second-80/feed/";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:38:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/";a:1:{s:8:"comments";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:1:"1";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:7:"post-id";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:6:"736269";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:3:"url";s:61:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:7:"content";a:4:{i:0;a:6:{s:4:"data";s:7:"
			
		";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:61:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PCBdesign.jpg";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";s:5:"child";a:1:{s:29:"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/";a:1:{s:5:"title";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"PCBdesign";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:1:{s:4:"type";s:4:"html";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}i:1;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:77:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_1.png?w=400";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:2;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:77:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_2.png?w=235";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}i:3;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:2:{s:3:"url";s:77:"https://hackaday.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hadimg_vaio_done2_3.png?w=235";s:6:"medium";s:5:"image";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}}}s:27:"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom";a:1:{s:4:"link";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:0:"";s:7:"attribs";a:1:{s:0:"";a:3:{s:4:"href";s:31:"https://hackaday.com/blog/feed/";s:3:"rel";s:4:"self";s:4:"type";s:19:"application/rss+xml";}}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:44:"http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/";a:2:{s:12:"updatePeriod";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"
	hourly	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}s:15:"updateFrequency";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:4:"
	1	";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}s:30:"com-wordpress:feed-additions:1";a:1:{s:4:"site";a:1:{i:0;a:5:{s:4:"data";s:9:"156670177";s:7:"attribs";a:0:{}s:8:"xml_base";s:0:"";s:17:"xml_base_explicit";b:0;s:8:"xml_lang";s:0:"";}}}}}}}}}}}}s:4:"type";i:128;s:7:"headers";a:16:{s:6:"server";s:5:"nginx";s:4:"date";s:29:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 12:42:53 GMT";s:12:"content-type";s:34:"application/rss+xml; charset=UTF-8";s:4:"vary";s:37:"Accept-Encoding, accept, content-type";s:13:"last-modified";s:29:"Wed, 01 Jan 2025 12:09:50 GMT";s:4:"etag";s:36:"W/"fd4b1b4ac4ca479c480811247d951b0c"";s:8:"x-hacker";s:106:"If you're reading this, you should visit wpvip.com/careers and apply to join the fun, mention this header.";s:12:"x-powered-by";s:33:"WordPress VIP <https://wpvip.com>";s:11:"host-header";s:32:"a9130478a60e5f9135f765b23f26593b";s:4:"link";s:55:"<https://hackaday.com/wp-json/>; rel=https://api.w.org/";s:16:"content-encoding";s:2:"br";s:25:"strict-transport-security";s:13:"max-age=86400";s:4:"x-rq";s:16:"cdg1 111 254 443";s:13:"accept-ranges";s:5:"bytes";s:13:"cache-control";s:28:"max-age=300, must-revalidate";s:7:"x-cache";s:3:"HIT";}s:5:"build";i:1734952776;s:13:"cache_version";i:1;s:4:"hash";s:40:"9759ca8bff59a6128fbc044bb336d8444efefe97";s:21:"cache_expiration_time";i:1735735673;s:23:"__cache_expiration_time";i:1735736173;}